Wisconsin Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) Practice Exam

What type of exercises are categorized as Active Range of Motion (AROM)?

1. Exercises assisted by a caregiver

2. Exercises performed by the resident alone

3. Exercises focused on passive movement

4. Exercises requiring equipment

The correct answer is: Exercises performed by the resident alone

Active Range of Motion (AROM) exercises are defined by the movement of a joint or body part using the individual's own muscular strength without any assistance. When a resident performs exercises independently, they engage their muscles actively, contributing to strength maintenance, flexibility, and overall mobility. This type of exercise encourages autonomy and is essential for rehabilitation and physical therapy, as it directly involves the patient in their care. In contrast, exercises that are assisted by a caregiver classify as Passive Range of Motion (PROM), as they do not require the individual to exert their own effort for movement. Similarly, exercises focused on passive movement also fall under PROM since they are performed entirely by another entity, not the resident. Exercises requiring equipment can encompass various types of exercises, but they do not specifically denote active participation by the resident, which is a key element of AROM. Therefore, the option that describes AROM correctly is when the resident performs exercises alone, utilizing their own muscle strength.